TY  - JOUR
AU  - Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade
AU  - Ohazurike, Chidumga
AU  - Akanbi, Maxwell
AU  - O'Dwyer, Linda C
AU  - Isikekpei, Brenda
AU  - Kuteyi, Ewemade
AU  - Ameh, Idaomeh O
AU  - Osadiaye, Olanlesi
AU  - Adebayo, Khadijat
AU  - Usinoma, Adewunmi
AU  - Adewole, Ajoke
AU  - Odunukwe, Nkiruka
AU  - Okuyemi, Kola
AU  - Kengne, Andre Pascal
PY  - 2021
DA  - 2021/6/9
TI  - mHealth Interventions for Treatment Adherence and Outcomes of Care for Cardiometabolic Disease Among Adults Living With HIV: Systematic Review
JO  - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth
SP  - e20330
VL  - 9
IS  - 6
KW  - mHealth
KW  - HIV
KW  - cardiometabolic disease
KW  - text messaging
KW  - mobile
KW  - systematic review
KW  - telephone calls
KW  - wearable devices
KW  - smartphones
KW  - desktop
KW  - web-based
KW  - mobile apps
AB  - Background: The success of antiretroviral therapy has led to an increase in life expectancy and an associated rise in the risk of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) among people living with HIV. Objective: Our aim was to conduct a systematic review to synthesize the existing literature on the patterns of use and effects of mobile health (mHealth) interventions for improving treatment adherence and outcomes of care for CMD among people living with HIV. Methods: A systematic search of multiple databases, including PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, African Journals online, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization Global Index Medicus of peer-reviewed articles, was conducted with no date or language restrictions. Unpublished reports on mHealth interventions for treatment adherence and outcomes of care for CMD among adults living with HIV were also included in this review. Studies were included if they had at least 1 component that used an mHealth intervention to address treatment adherence or 1 or more of the stated outcomes of care for CMD among people living with HIV. Results: Our search strategy yielded 1148 unique records. In total, 10 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Of the 10 studies, only 4 had published results. The categories of mHealth interventions ranged from short messaging, telephone calls, and wearable devices to smartphone and desktop web-based mobile apps. Across the different categories of interventions, there were no clear patterns in terms of consistency in the use of a particular intervention, as most studies (9/10, 90%) assessed a combination of mHealth interventions. Short messaging and telephone calls were however the most common interventions. Half of the studies (5/10, 50%) reported on outcomes that were indirectly linked to CMD, and none of them provided reliable evidence for evaluating the effectiveness of mHealth interventions for treatment adherence and outcomes of care for CMD among people living with HIV. Conclusions: Due to the limited number of studies and the heterogeneity of interventions and outcome measures in the studies, no definitive conclusions could be drawn on the patterns of use and effects of mHealth interventions for treatment adherence and outcomes of care for CMD among people living with HIV. We therefore recommend that future trials should focus on standardized outcomes for CMD. We also suggest that future studies should consider having a longer follow-up period in order to determine the long-term effects of mHealth interventions on CMD outcomes for people living with HIV. Trial Registration: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42018086940; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018086940 
SN  - 2291-5222
UR  - https://mhealth.jmir.org/2021/6/e20330
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/20330
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34106075
DO  - 10.2196/20330
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/20330
ER  -