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Identification of Gender Differences in Acute Myocardial Infarction Presentation and Management at Aga Khan University Hospital-Pakistan: Natural Language Processing Application in a Dataset of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease

Pakistan is a LMIC with a population of over 200 million people [5], where IHD and associated IHD risk factors are on the rise, due to an ongoing epidemiological transition [6]. According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, IHD is now the leading cause of death in Pakistan, surpassing diarrheal diseases, lower respiratory infections, and tuberculosis [7].

Christine Ngaruiya, Zainab Samad, Salma Tajuddin, Zarmeen Nasim, Rebecca Leff, Awais Farhad, Kyle Pires, Muhammad Alamgir Khan, Lauren Hartz, Basmah Safdar

JMIR Form Res 2024;8:e42774

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Rethinking Health Systems Responsiveness in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Validation Study

The specific objectives of the study are to (1) validate the upgraded conceptual framework of HSR (explained in the Methods section) by applying the Delphi process; (2) to revise the WHO measurement tool for assessing HSR; and (3) to validate the upgraded tool by pilot-testing it in primary, secondary, and tertiary care hospitals of Rawalpindi district, Pakistan.

Meesha Iqbal, Cecilia Ganduglia Cazaban, Robert Morgan, Cici Bauer, Sameen Siddiqi

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e59836

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Effects of COVID-19 Illness and Vaccination Infodemic Through Mobile Health, Social Media, and Electronic Media on the Attitudes of Caregivers and Health Care Providers in Pakistan: Qualitative Exploratory Study

Pakistan has faced challenges related to vaccine hesitancy and low vaccine acceptance in the past. Pakistan has a history of vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks due to various factors, including misinformation, cultural beliefs, lack of awareness, and mistrust in vaccines. One notable example is the polio eradication efforts in Pakistan. Despite considerable progress made globally, Pakistan has remained one of the few countries where polio cases continue to be reported [17].

Abdul Momin Kazi, Nazia Ahsan, Rawshan Jabeen, Raheel Allana, Saima Jamal, Muhammad Ayub Khan Mughal, Kathryn L Hopkins, Fauzia Aman Malik

JMIR Infodemiology 2024;4:e49366

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South Asia’s COVID-19 History and Surveillance: Updated Epidemiological Assessment

We adopt the World Bank’s definition of South Asia, which is based on economic development and geographical proximity, encompassing Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka [7]. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus declared the end of COVID-19 as a public health emergency of international concern on May 5, 2023 [8-10], based on the recommendation of the COVID-19 Emergency Committee [10].

Lori A Post, Alan G Soetikno, Scott A Wu, Claudia Hawkins, Maryann Mason, Egon A Ozer, Robert L Murphy, Sarah B Welch, Yingxuan Liu, Robert J Havey, Charles B Moss, Chad J Achenbach, Alexander L Lundberg

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024;10:e53331

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Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Mobile Health Intervention (Multi-Aid-Package) in Medication Adherence and Treatment Outcomes Among Patients With Hypertension in a Low- to Middle-Income Country: Randomized Controlled Trial

In Pakistan, hypertension is a crucial matter of public health, where nearly 19% of the youth and 33% of individuals older than 45 years have hypertension, with the majority of the population with hypertension having poor blood pressure control [11]. Poor medication adherence has been noted to contribute to poor blood pressure control in Pakistan [12]. A recent investigation found that 37.7% of patients fail to take their antihypertensive medications, as directed [12].

Muhammad Arshed, Aidalina Mahmud, Halimatus Sakdiah Minhat, Poh Ying Lim, Rubeena Zakar

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024;12:e50248

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Biological Mechanisms in Pregnant Women With Anxiety (Happy Mother-Healthy Baby Supplement Study): Protocol for a Longitudinal Mixed Methods Observational Study

The proposed study aims to investigate the biological mechanisms that underlie antenatal anxiety in women enrolled in the HMHB psychological intervention in Pakistan.

Morgan L Sherer, Abid Malik, Lauren M Osborne, Armaan A Rowther, Ahmed Zaidi, Najia Atif, Atif Rahman, Lubna E Kahloon, Muhammad Salman, Gayane Yenokyan, Pamela J Surkan

JMIR Res Protoc 2023;12:e43193

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The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure During Pregnancy on Pregnancy and Child Health Outcomes in South Asia: Protocol for an Instrumental Variable Analysis

In cross-country comparisons of fine particulate matter with a diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), Bangladesh has emerged as the country with the highest population-weighted levels, Pakistan has the second highest levels, India has the third highest levels, and Nepal has the 12th highest levels [1]. The elevated levels of air pollution and the large number of exposed people result in significant air pollution–related mortality and morbidity in South Asia.

Fabian Reitzug, Stephen P Luby, Hemant K Pullabhotla, Pascal Geldsetzer

JMIR Res Protoc 2022;11(8):e35249

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Understanding the Needs of a Mobile Phone–Based Telemonitoring Program for Pregnant Women at High Risk for Pre-Eclampsia: Interpretive Qualitative Description Study

In Pakistan, approximately one-third (34%) of maternal mortality in tertiary-level facilities is attributable to pre-eclampsia and eclampsia [1]. High maternal mortality from pre-eclampsia and eclampsia results from the lack of early risk detection, diagnosis, and treatment of pregnant women at high risk for pre-eclampsia [1].

Anam Shahil Feroz, Kristina De Vera, Nadia D Bragagnolo, Sarah Saleem, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Emily Seto

JMIR Form Res 2022;6(2):e32428

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