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Cooperative Virtual Reality Gaming for Anxiety and Pain Reduction in Pediatric Patients and Their Caregivers During Painful Medical Procedures: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Cooperative Virtual Reality Gaming for Anxiety and Pain Reduction in Pediatric Patients and Their Caregivers During Painful Medical Procedures: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

In this study, we investigate whether targeted distraction from anxiety- and pain-inducing medical procedures through cooperative VR gaming can reduce experienced pain and anxiety while fostering well-being for both the patients and their caregivers. A list of our hypotheses is presented in Textbox 1. Hence, the primary outcome of the study is a reduction in pain and anxiety ratings of the patient (hypothesis 1) as well as an improvement in the caregiver’s emotional experience (hypothesis 2).

Stefan Liszio, Franziska Bäuerlein, Jens Hildebrand, Carolin van Nahl, Maic Masuch, Oliver Basu

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e63098

Predicting Clinical Outcomes at the Toronto General Hospital Transitional Pain Service via the Manage My Pain App: Machine Learning Approach

Predicting Clinical Outcomes at the Toronto General Hospital Transitional Pain Service via the Manage My Pain App: Machine Learning Approach

Pain interference refers to the impact pain has on engagement in daily activities and participation [22]. It is related to the perceived severity of pain [23] and is considered a key aspect of the pain experience and a primary outcome in many clinical trials [24]. It is an informative measure from a clinical treatment and pain management standpoint that focuses on patients’ daily functioning rather than pain intensity itself [25-27].

James Skoric, Anna M Lomanowska, Tahir Janmohamed, Heather Lumsden-Ruegg, Joel Katz, Hance Clarke, Quazi Abidur Rahman

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e67178

Mobile App-Based Interactive Care Plan for Migraine: Survey Study of Usability and Improvement Opportunities

Mobile App-Based Interactive Care Plan for Migraine: Survey Study of Usability and Improvement Opportunities

level of interest and motivation to track on a daily basis, respondents were somewhat or very interested in tracking personal observations or comments in free text (41/52, 78.8%), medication treatment (43/52, 82.7%), response to medication (39/56, 69.6%), class of medication treatment chosen from a list (36/52, 69.2%), functional impairment graded mild, moderate, or severe (39/56, 69.6%), type of function impaired including work, school, family, personal (35/53, 66%), headache day (40/54, 74.1%), and headache pain

Nathan P Young, Jennifer I Stern, Stephanie J Steel, Jon O Ebbert

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e66763

Creation of the ECHO Idaho Podcast: Tutorial and Pilot Assessment

Creation of the ECHO Idaho Podcast: Tutorial and Pilot Assessment

The purpose of this paper was to present the development and implementation process of the ECHO Idaho “Something for the Pain” podcast’s inaugural season, as well as to discuss the preliminary findings regarding the reach of the podcast, lessons learned, and proposed future uses of this innovative platform.

Ryan Wiet, Madeline P Casanova, Jonathan D Moore, Sarah M Deming, Russell T Baker Jr

JMIR Med Educ 2025;11:e55313

Behavioral Therapy–Based Digital Interventions for Treating Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Behavioral Therapy–Based Digital Interventions for Treating Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Some have confirmed that CBT is beneficial for pain improvement [20-22] and that BCT could enhance physical activity compliance in patients with lower extremity OA [23-25], while others have argued that CBT has no effect on patients who catastrophize about pain or has only a small positive effect on pain [12,26]. The increased prevalence of OA has resulted in increasing demand for therapists [27].

Beiyao Zhu, Dian Zhu, Xiao'ao Xue, Hongyi Yang, Shurong Zhang

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e56227

Neurobiological Mechanisms of Enhanced Pain-Relieving Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation via Visuo-Tactile Stimulation in Immersive Virtual Reality: Randomized Controlled Trial

Neurobiological Mechanisms of Enhanced Pain-Relieving Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation via Visuo-Tactile Stimulation in Immersive Virtual Reality: Randomized Controlled Trial

The application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been widely used for pain management, such as postoperative pain, labor pain, and chronic neck pain [1-3]. Low-intensity and high-frequency (50-100 Hz) electrical pulses, a form of TENS, can activate large-diameter A fibers and inhibit the nociceptive volley transmitted via small-diameter A and C fibers that innervate spatially adjacent skin areas [4].

Chenxi Wang, Lanqi Gao, Chuan Zhang, Jun Li, Jixin Liu

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e63137

Efficacy of a Supervised Exercise Program on Pain, Physical Function, and Quality of Life in Patients With Breast Cancer: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial

Efficacy of a Supervised Exercise Program on Pain, Physical Function, and Quality of Life in Patients With Breast Cancer: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial

The objective of this project is to develop a randomized clinical trial to determine the efficacy of a supervised exercise program on pain, physical function, and quality of life in female patients with cancer. A supervised exercise program reduces pain and improves physical function and quality of life in female patients with cancer compared to a control group not receiving the exercise program.

Jennifer García-Molina, Olalla Saiz-Vázquez, Montserrat Santamaría-Vázquez, Juan Hilario Ortiz-Huerta

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e63891

Development and Testing of the Kids Hurt App, a Web-Based, Pain Self-Report App for First Nations Youths: Mixed Methods Study

Development and Testing of the Kids Hurt App, a Web-Based, Pain Self-Report App for First Nations Youths: Mixed Methods Study

Indigenous children are particularly vulnerable to experiencing pain. In one study examining pain diagnoses, a large sample of First Nations children (n=2631) who were compared to an age-, sex-, and location-matched sample of non–First Nations children, demonstrated that the First Nations cohort experienced significantly more physical pain–related diagnoses for 10 of the 13 pain indicators studied [7].

Karlee Francis, Julie Francis, Margot Latimer, Hayley Gould, Shante Blackmore, Emily MacLeod

JMIR Hum Factors 2025;12:e48370

Validation of the Nociception Level Index for the Detection of Nociception and Pain in Critically Ill Adults: Protocol for an Observational Study

Validation of the Nociception Level Index for the Detection of Nociception and Pain in Critically Ill Adults: Protocol for an Observational Study

The NOL values were positively associated with self-reported pain and CPOT scores during nociceptive procedures, providing initial evidence of criterion validation with pain standard criteria [26,27]. Also, a NOL cutoff >25 was found to adequately classify patients with moderate to severe self-reported pain intensity (>4/10) [27].

Céline Gélinas, Shiva Shahiri T, Han Ting Wang, Maria Cecilia Gallani, Walid Oulehri, Denny Laporta, Philippe Richebé

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e60672

Using Virtual Reality to Improve Outcomes Related to Quality of Life Among Older Adults With Serious Illnesses: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Using Virtual Reality to Improve Outcomes Related to Quality of Life Among Older Adults With Serious Illnesses: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

A total of 7 (78%) of these 9 studies had improvements in pain and anxiety metrics, such as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), State Anxiety Index, or the Numeric Pain Scale (NPS). One study, which conducted a single 30-minute meditation session, showed improvement in sleep scores of patients with cardiovascular disease [45].

Bhagvat Maheta, Alexandra Kraft, Nickolas Interrante, Soraya Fereydooni, Jeremy Bailenson, Brian Beams, ​​Christina Keny, Thomas Osborne, Karleen Giannitrapani, Karl Lorenz

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e54452