Patterns of Mobile Phone Ownership and Use Among Pregnant Women in Southern Tanzania: Cross-Sectional Survey

Lavanya Vasudevan   ^{1, 2, 3} , PhD, MPH, CPH ;   Jan Ostermann   ^{1, 3, 4, 5} , PhD ;   Sara Marwerwe Moses   ⁶ , BA ;   Esther Ngadaya   ⁶ , MD, PGDHE, PhD ;   Sayoki Godfrey Mfinanga   ^{6, 7, 8} , MD, PhD

¹ Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

² Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

³ Center for Health Policy and Inequalities Research, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

⁴ Department of Health Services, Policy & Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States

⁵ South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States

⁶ Muhimbili Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Dar-es-Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania

⁷ Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar-es-Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania

⁸ School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania