Evaluating Evidence-Based Content, Features of Exercise Instruction, and Expert Involvement in Physical Activity Apps for Pregnant Women: Systematic Search and Content Analysis

Melanie J Hayman   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Kristie-Lee Alfrey   ^{1 *} , BPsychSc(Hons) ;   Kim Waters   ^{1 *} , BPsySc ;   Summer Cannon   ^{1 *} , BPsychSc(Hons) ;   Gregore I Mielke   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Shelley E Keating   ^{3 *} , PhD ;   Gabriela P Mena   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Michelle F Mottola   ^{4, 5, 6 *} , PhD ;   Kelly R Evenson   ^{7 *} , PhD ;   Margie H Davenport   ^{8 *} , PhD ;   S Ariel Barlow   ^{9 *} , BS ;   Emily Budzynski-Seymour   ^{10 *} , MSc ;   Natalie Comardelle   ^{9 *} , BS ;   Madison Dickey   ^{9 *} , MPH ;   Cheryce L Harrison   ^{11 *} , PhD ;   Maryam Kebbe   ^{9 *} , PhD ;   Trine Moholdt   ^{12, 13 *} , PhD ;   Lisa J Moran   ^{11 *} , PhD ;   Taniya S Nagpal   ^{14 *} , PhD ;   Stephanie Schoeppe   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Stephanie Alley   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Wendy J Brown   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Susan Williams   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Lisa Vincze   ^{15, 16 *} , PhD

¹ Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia

² Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

³ School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

⁴ R Samuel McLaughlin Foundation Exercise and Pregnancy Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

⁵ Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

⁶ Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

⁷ Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States

⁸ Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

⁹ Reproductive Endocrinology & Women’s Health Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States

¹⁰ Faculty of Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Solent University, Southampton, United Kingdom

¹¹ Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

¹² Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

¹³ Women’s Clinic, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

¹⁴ Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, Brock University, Niagara Region, ON, Canada

¹⁵ School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia

¹⁶ Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith Health Centre, Gold Coast, Australia

*all authors contributed equally