Clinical Efficacy of Mobile App–Based, Self-Directed Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Chiwook Chung   ^{1, 2} , MD ;   Jong Won Lee   ³ , MD, PhD ;   Sei Won Lee   ^{1 *} , MD, PhD ;   Min-Woo Jo   ^{4 *} , MD, PhD

¹ Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

² Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea

³ Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

*these authors contributed equally