Effectiveness of Wrist-Worn Wearable–Guided Cardiac Rehabilitation Delivered Through Fully Remote or Hybrid Programs in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Jun Hwan Choi   ¹ , MD ;   So Young Lee   ¹ , MD, PhD ;   Kyung Cheon Seo   ² , MD ;   Sang Yoon Lee   ³ , MD, PhD ;   Hyo Kyung Lee   ⁴ , PhD ;   Dongbin Heo   ¹ , MD ;   Hyun Ryu   ² , MD ;   Jong Hoon Kim   ⁴ , BS ;   Jeong Eul Kwon   ⁴ , BS ;   Bo Ryun Kim   ^{2, 5 *} , MD, PhD ;   Michael Lee   ^{5 *} , MD, MHA, CPE

¹ Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea

² Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

³ Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁴ School of Industrial Management Engineering, Korea University College of Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁵ H Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States

*these authors contributed equally