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Published on in Vol 14 (2026)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/103317, first published .
Doctor checks smartwatch for patient status on large control screen

Smartwatch-Measured Clinician Perceptions of Emergency Department Crowding and Their Association With Objective Metrics: Prospective Observational Study

Smartwatch-Measured Clinician Perceptions of Emergency Department Crowding and Their Association With Objective Metrics: Prospective Observational Study

Ji Sim Yoon   1 * ;   Sookyung Park   2 * , MPH ;   K Jane Muir   3, 4 , PhD ;   Pamela B DeGuzman   2 , PhD ;   So Yeon Shin   5 ;   Hansol Chang   1, 6, 7 , MD, PhD ;   Taerim Kim   6 , MD, PhD ;   Se Uk Lee   6 , MD, PhD ;   Sungjun Hong   1 , PhD ;   Won Chul Cha   1, 6, 7 , MD, PhD ;   Junsang Yoo   1 , PhD

1 Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

2 School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States

3 Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

4 Departmet of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

5 Department of Nursing, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea

6 Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

7 Digital Innovation Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea

*these authors contributed equally

Corresponding Author:

  • Junsang Yoo, PhD
  • Department of Digital Health
  • SAIHST
  • Sungkyunkwan University
  • 115, Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu
  • Seoul 06355
  • Republic of Korea
  • Phone: 82 2-2148-7703
  • Email: junnsang@skku.edu