An Evidence-Based Antimicrobial Stewardship Smartphone App for Hospital Outpatients: Survey-based Needs Assessment Among Patients

Christianne Micallef   ^{1, 2} , BPharm (Hons), MPhil, PhD ;   Monsey McLeod   ^{1, 3, 4} , MSc, MPharm, PhD ;   Enrique Castro-Sánchez   ¹ , RGN, DipTropNurs, PgDip, MPH, PhD, DLSHTM ;   Myriam Gharbi   ¹ , MPH, PhD, PharmD ;   Esmita Charani   ¹ , MSc, MPharm ;   Luke SP Moore   ^{1, 5} , MBChB, MRCP, MSc, MPH, DTM&H, FRCPath ;   Mark Gilchrist   ⁵ , MPharm, MSc, IPresc, FFRPS, FRPharmS ;   Fran Husson   ¹ ;   Ceire Costelloe   ¹ , BA (Hons), MSc, PhD ;   Alison H Holmes   ^{1, 5} , MD, MA, MPH, FRCP

¹ National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

² Addenbrooke`s Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom

³ School of Pharmacy, Centre for Medication Safety and Service Quality, University College London, London, United Kingdom

⁴ Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Pharmacy Department, London, United Kingdom

⁵ Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Infectious Diseases Department, London, United Kingdom