Standalone Smartphone Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Ecological Momentary Interventions to Increase Mental Health: Narrative Review

Marta Anna Marciniak   ¹ , MSc ;   Lilly Shanahan   ² , PhD ;   Judith Rohde   ¹ , MD ;   Ava Schulz   ¹ , PhD ;   Carolin Wackerhagen   ³ , PhD ;   Dorota Kobylińska   ⁴ , PhD ;   Oliver Tuescher   ⁵ , MD ;   Harald Binder   ⁶ , PhD ;   Henrik Walter   ³ , MD ;   Raffael Kalisch   ⁵ , PhD ;   Birgit Kleim   ¹ , PhD

¹ University of Zurich, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland

² Jacobs Centre of Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

³ Charite Berlin Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany

⁴ University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

⁵ Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

⁶ Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany