Reliability and Validity of Commercially Available Wearable Devices for Measuring Steps, Energy Expenditure, and Heart Rate: Systematic Review

Daniel Fuller   ^{1, 2, 3 *} , PhD ;   Emily Colwell   ^{1 *} , MSc ;   Jonathan Low   ^{1 *} , MSc ;   Kassia Orychock   ¹ , MSc ;   Melissa Ann Tobin   ⁴ , MSc ;   Bo Simango   ¹ , MSc ;   Richard Buote   ⁴ , MSc ;   Desiree Van Heerden   ⁵ ;   Hui Luan   ⁶ , PhD ;   Kimberley Cullen   ^{1, 3} , PhD ;   Logan Slade   ⁴ , BSc ;   Nathan G A Taylor   ⁷ , MPH

¹ School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada

² Department of Computer Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada

³ Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada

⁴ Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada

⁵ Faculty of Engineering, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada

⁶ Department of Geography, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States

⁷ School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

*these authors contributed equally