Effect of Physician-Pharmacist Participation in the Management of Ambulatory Cancer Pain Through a Digital Health Platform: Randomized Controlled Trial

Lu Zhang   ^{1, 2 *} , MD ;   Howard L McLeod   ^{3, 4, 5, 6 *} , Prof Dr ;   Ke-Ke Liu   ^{1, 2} , MD ;   Wen-Hui Liu   ⁷ , Prof Dr ;   Hang-Xing Huang   ^{1, 2} , MD ;   Ya-Min Huang   ^{1, 2} , MD ;   Shu-Sen Sun   ^{1, 2, 8} , Prof Dr ;   Xiao-Ping Chen   ^{2, 5, 6} , Prof Dr ;   Yao Chen   ⁵ , Prof Dr ;   Fang-Zhou Liu   ⁹ , Prof Dr ;   Jian Xiao   ^{1, 2} , Prof Dr

¹ Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

² Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

³ Geriatric Oncology Consortium, Tampa, FL, United States

⁴ Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States

⁵ Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

⁶ Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China

⁷ Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

⁸ College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Boston, MA, United States

⁹ College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China

*these authors contributed equally