This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Design and Formative Evaluation of Mobile Apps (809) Chatbots and Conversational Agents (740) Theoretical Frameworks and Concepts (338) Formative Studies and eHealth/mHealth Development (575) Evaluation and Research Methodology for mHealth (242)

Published on in Vol 10, No 10 (2022): October

This is a member publication of Imperial College London (Jisc)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/38740, first published .
Designing, Developing, Evaluating, and Implementing a Smartphone-Delivered, Rule-Based Conversational Agent (DISCOVER): Development of a Conceptual Framework

Designing, Developing, Evaluating, and Implementing a Smartphone-Delivered, Rule-Based Conversational Agent (DISCOVER): Development of a Conceptual Framework

Designing, Developing, Evaluating, and Implementing a Smartphone-Delivered, Rule-Based Conversational Agent (DISCOVER): Development of a Conceptual Framework

Authors of this article:

Dhakshenya Ardhithy Dhinagaran1 Author Orcid Image ;   Laura Martinengo1 Author Orcid Image ;   Moon-Ho Ringo Ho2 Author Orcid Image ;   Shafiq Joty3 Author Orcid Image ;   Tobias Kowatsch4, 5, 6, 7 Author Orcid Image ;   Rifat Atun8, 9, 10 Author Orcid Image ;   Lorainne Tudor Car1, 11 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (25) Tweetations (3) Metrics

Journals

  1. Denecke K. Framework for Guiding the Development of High-Quality Conversational Agents in Healthcare. Healthcare 2023;11(8):1061 View
  2. Mills R, Mangone E, Lesh N, Mohan D, Baraitser P. Chatbots to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health: Realist Synthesis. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e46761 View
  3. Martinengo L, Lin X, Jabir A, Kowatsch T, Atun R, Car J, Tudor Car L. Conversational Agents in Health Care: Expert Interviews to Inform the Definition, Classification, and Conceptual Framework. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e50767 View
  4. Yang J, Chen Y, Por L, Ku C. A Systematic Literature Review of Information Security in Chatbots. Applied Sciences 2023;13(11):6355 View
  5. Martin R, Richmond S. Conversational agents for Children's mental health and mental disorders: A scoping review. Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans 2023;1(2):100028 View
  6. Egli A. ChatGPT, GPT-4, and Other Large Language Models: The Next Revolution for Clinical Microbiology?. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2023;77(9):1322 View
  7. Mills R, Mangone E, Lesh N, Jayal G, Mohan D, Baraitser P. Chatbots That Deliver Contraceptive Support: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e46758 View
  8. Jiang Z, Huang X, Wang Z, Liu Y, Huang L, Luo X. Embodied Conversational Agents for Chronic Diseases: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e47134 View
  9. Nkabane - Nkholongo E, Mokgatle M, Jack B, Julce C, Bickmore T. Usability and Acceptability of the Conversational Agent “Nthabi” Health Education Application For Young Women in Lesotho: A Clinical Trial (Preprint). JMIR Human Factors 2023 View
  10. Rachubińska K, Cybulska A, Szylińska A, Kupcewicz E, Ćwiek D, Walaszek I, Grochans E. Psychosocial Functioning of Individuals at Risk of Developing Compulsive Buying Disorder. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024;13(5):1339 View
  11. Laymouna M, Ma Y, Lessard D, Schuster T, Engler K, Lebouché B. Roles, Users, Benefits, and Limitations of Chatbots in Health Care: Rapid Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e56930 View
  12. Schläpfer S, Schneider F, Santhanam P, Eicher M, Kowatsch T, Witt C, Barth J. Engagement With a Relaxation and Mindfulness Mobile App Among People With Cancer: Exploratory Analysis of Use Data and Self-Reports From a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Cancer 2024;10:e52386 View
  13. Kim Y, Kang Y, Kim B, Kim J, Kim G. Exploring the role of engagement and adherence in chatbot-based cognitive training for older adults: memory function and mental health outcomes. Behaviour & Information Technology 2025;44(10):2405 View
  14. Ulrich S, Lienhard N, Künzli H, Kowatsch T. A Chatbot-Delivered Stress Management Coaching for Students (MISHA App): Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2024;12:e54945 View
  15. Duan B, Zhou Z, Liu M, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Liu L, Ma C, Gou B, Liu W. Development and acceptability of a gestational diabetes mellitus prevention system (Better pregnancy) based on a user-centered approach: A clinical feasibility study. DIGITAL HEALTH 2024;10 View
  16. Denecke K, Reichenpfader D, Willi D, Kennel K, Bonel H, Nairz K, Cihoric N, Papaux D, von Tengg-Kobligk H. Person-based design and evaluation of MIA, a digital medical interview assistant for radiology. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 2024;7 View
  17. Abdullah N, Tang J, Fetrati H, Kaukiah N, Saharudin S, Yong V, Yen C. MARIA (Medical Assistance and Rehabilitation Intelligent Agent) for Medication Adherence in Patients With Heart Failure: Empirical Results From a Wizard of Oz Systematic Conversational Agent Design Clinical Protocol. JMIR Cardio 2025;9:e55846 View
  18. Denecke K, Rivera Romero O, Wynn R, Gabarron E. Persuasive chatbot-based interventions for depression: a list of recommendations for improving reporting standards. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2025;16 View
  19. Neary M, Fulton E, Rogers V, Wilson J, Griffiths Z, Chuttani R, Sacher P. Think FAST: a novel framework to evaluate fidelity, accuracy, safety, and tone in conversational AI health coach dialogues. Frontiers in Digital Health 2025;7 View
  20. O'Brien K, Prentice S. Assessing the practicality of using freely available AI-based GPT tools for coach learning and athlete development. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living 2025;7 View
  21. Lim S, Yang Q, Meng J, Rains S. The role of communication in health-focused conversational AI: a review of systematic reviews examining conversational features, design characteristics, and interaction functions. Behaviour & Information Technology 2025:1 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Weimann T. Enterprise Design, Operations, and Computing. EDOC 2023 Workshops. View
  2. Veeramani K, Pandey A, Shrivastwa S. Integrating ChatGPT Into System Applications and Services. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Lal M, Neduncheliyan S. 2023 IEEE Engineering Informatics. Evaluating the Efficacy of Deep Learning Models in Healthcare Conversations View
  2. Hajahmadi S, Cascarano P, Mostajeran F, Heuer K, Lux A, Mends-Cole G, Steinicke F, Marfia G. 2025 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR). Investigating the Impact of Voice-only and Embodied Conversational Virtual Agents on Mixed Reality Puzzle Solving View