Demographic Imbalances Resulting From the Bring-Your-Own-Device Study Design

Peter Jaeho Cho   ¹ , BA ;   Jaehan Yi   ¹ , BSc ;   Ethan Ho   ¹ ;   Md Mobashir Hasan Shandhi   ¹ , BSc, MSc, PhD ;   Yen Dinh   ¹ , BSc ;   Aneesh Patil   ¹ ;   Leatrice Martin   ² , BA, MPA, MBA ;   Geetika Singh   ¹ , BEng, MSc ;   Brinnae Bent   ¹ , BSc, MSc, PhD ;   Geoffrey Ginsburg   ³ , BSc, MD, PhD ;   Matthew Smuck   ⁴ , BSc, MD ;   Christopher Woods   ⁵ , BA, MD, MPA ;   Ryan Shaw   ⁶ , BSc, MSc, PhD ;   Jessilyn Dunn   ^{1, 7} , BSc, MSc, PhD

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

² Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

³ All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States

⁴ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Spine Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

⁵ Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States

⁶ School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

⁷ Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States